Biology 10 Notes on Genes, Chromosomes, Mendel's Laws, and Mitosis vs. Meiosis

         element: segment of DNA that controls design or social system of a trait/characteristic of the cell or organism. In the most multicellular organisms 2 copies of the segment of DNA, termed Alleles, interact to give back the particular form of the trait as seen.

        Autosomal component: Gene located on an autosomal chromosome which is any of the 22 human chromosomes (or 3 Drosophila chromosomes) other than the X or Y. Autosomal genes argon never sex-linked.

        Sex-linked Gene: Gene located in the un checkmateed region of the X chromosome or on the Y chromosome. These genes run for to be seen in males.

        Mendelian Organism: Organism whose patterns of heredity follow Gregor Mendels 3 laws and tend to give offspring in phenotypic ratios of 3:1, 1:1, 9:3:3:1, and 1:1:1:1

        Mendels rights: Laws of Dominance, Law of Segregation of Genes, and Law of Independent Assortment of Genes. annotating: Mendel was wrong in his final Law because he did not know about Linkage; it should have read the Law of Independent Assortment of Chromosomes.

        Codominance: Non-Mendelian condition in which there argon 3 diametric on the wholeeles for a gene. 2 of these alleles are different dominant versions of the gene. Therefore the possibility of A/B exists grown an AB blood type.

        Gene Pool: Total of all alleles for a particular gene in a population.



special(prenominal) allele/mutation could be rare as in albinism or relatively common as in diabetes or cystic fibrosis.

        Downs Syndrome: Partial triploid condition in mankind where there are 3 copies of chromosome 21. Unfortunately there are many physical problems (heart, liver, kidney, brain, & facial) that are visible

        Turners Syndrome: Partial monoploid condition in humans where there is no pair in the X chromosome (often termed XO). Various physical changes occur in the phenotype including webbing of the neck and sterility.

        Klinefelters Syndrome: Partial triploid condition...

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